In the modern industrial automation production, involves a variety of inspection, measurement and parts identification applications, such as auto parts size inspection and automatic assembly integrity inspection, automatic assembly of electronic assembly line components, printing quality inspection of beverage bottle caps , product packaging on the bar code and character recognition. The common feature of this type of application is the continuous mass production and the very high demands on the appearance quality.
Normally this kind of highly repetitive and intelligent work can only be accomplished by manual inspection. We often see hundreds or even thousands of inspection workers behind the modernization lines of some factories to perform this process. While the factory has increased enormous labor costs and management costs, it still cannot guarantee a 100% inspection pass rate (ie, “zero defects”), and today’s competition among enterprises has not allowed even 0.1% of defects to exist.
In some cases, such as precise and rapid measurement of a small size, shape matching, color identification, etc., it is impossible for the human eye to perform continuously and stably, and other physical quantity sensors are also difficult to use. At this time, people began to consider the combination of the rapidity, reliability, and repeatability of results with the highly intelligent and abstract capabilities of human vision, resulting in the concept of machine vision.
In general, machine vision is the use of machines instead of human eyes to do measurements and judgments. Firstly, the captured target is converted into an image signal by a CCD camera, transmitted to a dedicated image processing system, and converted into a digital signal according to pixel distribution, brightness, color, and other information; the image system performs various operations on these signals to extract the characteristics of the target. , Such as: area, length, quantity, location, etc.; Finally, according to the preset tolerance and other conditions, the output results, such as: size, angle, offset, number, pass/fail, yes/no, etc.
Machine vision is characterized by automation, objectivity, non-contact, and high precision. Compared with image processing systems in the general sense, machine vision emphasizes accuracy and speed, and reliability in industrial field environments. Machine vision is extremely suitable for measurement, inspection and identification in mass production processes, such as: part assembly integrity, assembly dimensional accuracy, part machining accuracy, position/angle measurement, part identification, and character/character recognition.
Its largest application industries are: automotive, pharmaceutical, electronics and electrical, manufacturing, packaging/food/beverages, medicine. Such as the inspection of automobile dashboard precision, high-speed placement machine for the rapid positioning of electronic components, the inspection of the number of pins, the identification of the IC surface printing characters, capsule production in the capsule wall thickness and appearance defects inspection, bearing Inspection of the number and damage of balls in production, identification of production date on food packaging, and inspection of label placement.
At present, the application of the visual system in the world is in the ascendant. In 1998, the market size was 4.6 billion U.S. dollars. In China, the industrial vision system is still in the concept introduction period. Leading companies in various industries have started to solve the problem of production automation. Look to the automation of vision measurement.
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